afghanistan

Afghanistan is a landlocked country in South‑Central Asia, bordered by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and China. Its capital is Kabul. The nation has a diverse ethnic makeup—primarily Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, and Uzbek—and a history of successive empires, Soviet occupation (1979‑89), civil war, and Taliban rule (1996‑2001, reinstated in 2021). Afghanistan’s economy relies on agriculture, opium production, and limited mining; it faces ongoing security challenges, humanitarian crises, and limited international recognition of its current government. Views Nigeria